Stigma in Collective Culture : A Qualitative Study of the Role of the Family in Mental Disorder Treatment Decisions in Bandung

Abstract

Social stigma against mental disorders in collective cultures is still a major obstacle in accessing mental health services. This research aims to understand the role of the family in making decisions regarding the treatment of mental disorders in the city of Bandung. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews with three families who had members with mental disorders. Thematic analysis revealed that social stigma caused families to delay or even refuse treatment due to concerns about social image and societal pressure. Collective culture reinforces this attitude, with families prioritizing social harmony over individual medical needs. This research also found that families were able to overcome stigma by seeking social adjustment strategies, such as getting literacy support about mental health from closed communities or using a scientific approach in dealing with mental illness. The collective culture within families in the city of Bandung is a barrier to medical treatment but at the same time it is a driver and strengthener of togetherness in facing stigma. This study highlights the need for culture-based interventions to increase mental health awareness and reduce social stigma in collective societies.