Optimization of Probiotic-Supplemented Feeds to Enhance Gut Health and Nutrient Absorption in Broiler Chickens

Abstract

The optimization of probiotic-supplemented feeds has gained significant attention as a sustainable alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in poultry production. This study investigates the effects of dietary probiotics on gut health and nutrient absorption in broiler chickens. Probiotics, such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacillus strains, are known to enhance intestinal microbial balance, suppress pathogenic bacteria, and stimulate immune responses. A comprehensive approach was applied by formulating feeds supplemented with different probiotic strains and evaluating their impacts on growth performance, feed conversion ratio (FCR), intestinal morphology, and nutrient digestibility. Results showed that probiotic supplementation significantly improved villus height and crypt depth ratio in the small intestine, indicating enhanced absorptive capacity. Additionally, treated broilers demonstrated higher retention of essential nutrients, such as crude protein and energy, compared with the control group. Improvements in weight gain and FCR were consistently observed across probiotic-supplemented treatments, suggesting better feed utilization efficiency. Furthermore, probiotics promoted the growth of beneficial microflora while reducing intestinal colonization of E. coli and Clostridium perfringens, thereby improving overall gut health. These findings highlight the potential of probiotics as a functional feed additive that supports both animal performance and health, while minimizing the risks associated with antibiotic residues and resistance. Optimizing probiotic type, dosage, and delivery in feed formulations is crucial to maximize their benefits for poultry production. In conclusion, probiotic-supplemented feeds represent a promising strategy to improve gut health, nutrient absorption, and production efficiency in broiler chickens, contributing to more sustainable and safe poultry farming practices.