Current Trends in Thermal and Fluid Engineering : Improving System Performance and Efficiency

Abstract

Recent advancements in thermal and fluid engineering have significantly contributed to improving system efficiency across a variety of industries, including energy, manufacturing, HVAC, and electronics. Technologies such as microchannel heat exchangers (MCHEs), phase change materials (PCMs), and AI-driven thermal management systems have demonstrated considerable improvements in heat transfer, energy storage, and operational performance. MCHEs, with their compact design and enhanced heat transfer capabilities, are being increasingly utilized in applications where high efficiency and limited space are critical. PCMs, with their ability to store and release thermal energy through phase transitions, are proving to be effective in stabilizing temperatures and reducing energy consumption in both small- and large-scale systems. In addition, the integration of AI-driven systems enables real-time optimization, dynamically adjusting cooling and heating parameters to minimize energy use while maximizing system performance. These advancements collectively contribute to energy savings, cost reductions, and improved sustainability in thermal and fluid systems. The combination of these technologies has paved the way for more efficient, cost-effective solutions to the challenges posed by energy demands and environmental concerns. As industries continue to face increasing pressure to optimize their operations and reduce their carbon footprint, these technological innovations offer promising solutions. Further research is needed to explore the scalability of these systems across different sectors, to develop hybrid systems that combine multiple technologies, and to refine AI algorithms for even better performance predictions and system optimization. This paper explores these advancements and provides insights into their practical applications and future potential.